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Coal

Discovery of coal

In his writings, Aristotle mentioned objects that produce a lot of smoke and called them “substances like coal”. Although no reliable records are available, the Fushun coal mine in northeastern China may have been used for copper smelting as early as 1000 BC. It is said that the stones used as fuel were produced in China during the Han Dynasty (206 BC – 220 AD). Coal cylinders found among Roman ruins in England indicate that the Romans were also familiar with the use of coal before Christ. The first documented evidence of coal mining in Europe was provided by the monk of Liège. There are many references to coal mining in England and Scotland and continental Europe in thirteenth-century writings.

Introduction of coal

Coal is one of the useful minerals in various industries, especially power plants. The fuel nature of this substance has made it possible to supply 30% of the world’s energy needs. In total, this mineral has been formed under pressure and temperature for millions of years. Many years ago, there were various trees and plants that were placed under the underground layers after death and destruction. During these years, plants and trees grow again on these layers and after destruction, they become underground layers. The increase in the pressure of the upper layers as well as the increase in the temperature of the underground layers cause plants and trees to be gradually buried, lose their water and moisture, and only their carbon form remains. Therefore, in general, coal is mainly composed of the following compounds:

  • Carbon
  • Hydrogen
  • Oxygen
  • Nitrogen

Coal

  • Fixed Carbon 73-82
    Water Vapor 0.5-1.3
    Ash 44754
    Volatile matter 13-17
    Sulfur 1.12-1.5
    Potassium 0.001-0.003
    CoKe No 4, 3

Coals in nature do not have the same physical and chemical properties, so these minerals are usually classified based on different parameters, which are mentioned below:

  • Humidity
  • Ash
  • Volatile substances
  • Calorific value
  • Carbon percentage
  • Vitrinite light reflection capability

Types of coal

Peat

It is among the minerals that exist in the surface layers and generally has a lower carbon percentage due to low pressure and temperature. In general, high-quality coal was originally peat. Peat usually stores more water due to lower pressure and temperature.

Coal

Lignites are actually peats that have been exposed to more pressure and temperature and have lost more water. Usually, up to 70% of this type of coal that exists in the underground layers is made of carbon. Increasing the pressure and temperature of coal has caused it to turn brown.

Anthracite

The best coal in the world is anthracite. This type of coal has been exposed to high pressure and temperature, and as a result, it has a higher percentage of carbon. In general, about 95 percent of anthracite is made of carbon.

Use of coal

Due to the capabilities and properties of coal, this mineral is used in various industries, including:

Power plants

As mentioned, coal deposits are combustible and have a very high calorific value. Power plants mostly use fossil fuels such as coal to produce the necessary heat and energy. The energy obtained from burning these types of minerals causes the water in the cycle to evaporate. The evaporated water drives steam turbines to generate electricity.

Steel Industry

Coke is used as a combustible material in the steel industry. It is formed from the distillation of coal in various stages and contains a large amount of carbon and calorific value, so it is mainly used in blast furnaces and metallurgical preparations.

Agriculture Industry

The agricultural industry is another application of this product. As mentioned, coal is distilled in different stages to produce coke. During the distillation process of this substance, a gas called ammonia is mainly released. This gas has many benefits and is used to strengthen the soil and prepare chemical fertilizers.

Agriculture industry

The agricultural industry is another application of this product. As mentioned, coal is distilled in different stages to produce coke. During the distillation process of this substance, a gas called ammonia is mainly released. This gas has many benefits and is used to strengthen the soil and prepare chemical fertilizers.

Power industry

Coal is generally used in thermal power generation, which burns at high temperatures and converts water into steam. This steam is used to turn turbines at high speed in a strong magnetic field and finally, electricity is produced.

Steel industry

Coke is used as a combustible material in the steel industry. It is formed from the distillation of coal in various stages and contains a large amount of carbon and calorific value, so it is mainly used in blast furnaces and metallurgical preparations.

Power plants

As mentioned, coal deposits are combustible and have a very high calorific value. Power plants mostly use fossil fuels such as coal to produce the necessary heat and energy. The energy obtained from burning these types of minerals causes the water in the cycle to evaporate. The evaporated water drives steam turbines to generate electricity.

How to buy

With more than 20 years of experience, Kane Aray Sepahan Company, relying on its technical knowledge and expert staff, has been able to produce coal with very high purity and quality to supply various industries. Compliance with all the necessary standards to produce high-quality products in order to meet the needs of our customers is our main priority, please contact us if you have any questions or requests.

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